Acoustic correlation is the gold standard for locating pressurized leaks in water mains, service lines, and fire-suppression systems. This guide covers the science, applications, and equipment.
How acoustic correlation works
Two sensors on the same pipe at different access points. When water escapes under pressure, it creates sound. The correlator measures the time delay of the sound reaching each sensor and calculates the leak position using the pipe material's sound velocity. Accuracy within 30cm over 1km+ pipe runs.
Equipment we use
Gutermann AquaScan 620L and Sebakmt correlators — the same equipment used by municipal water authorities. Hydrophone sensors for water-filled pipes, accelerometer sensors for dry pipe access.
When to use acoustic correlation
Pressurized water mains, buried service lines, fire-suppression loops, long pipe runs, metallic and plastic pipes. Not effective for low-pressure/gravity systems, very short pipe runs, or pipes with multiple branches between access points.
Combined with GPR
We routinely combine acoustic correlation with GPR: acoustic finds the leak, GPR maps the pipe path and depth for precise excavation planning. This combination achieves the highest accuracy for underground leaks.
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